Head Injury

The word coma simply means a state of unconsciousness.

This unconscious state varies from person to person. It can be very deep, where no amount of stimulation will cause the person to respond or, it can be a relatively lighter state in which the person may move, make noise or respond to pain, yet is unable to obey simple, one-step commands such as "hold up two fingers" or "stick out your tongue."

Therefore, the process of recovery from a coma is unique to each person. While recovery can be slow or quick, it is based on their situation and the “depth” of their unconsciousness.

For example, for people who are comatose due to a severe injury to the brain or head, recovery is variable according to the severity and location of the injury. And, in some cases, recovery may only be partial and may include permanent impairment.

When determining the diagnosis or severity of the injury, physicians will use brain-imaging technologies, such as computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT scan). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may also be used to image subtle changes or issues that are not picked up by CT.

A traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be caused by a blow or jolt to the head, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue and disrupts the normal function of the brain.

Symptoms of a TBI can be mild, moderate or severe, depending on the extent of damage to the brain.

Mild cases may result in a brief change in mental state or consciousness, while severe cases may result in extended periods of unconsciousness, coma, or even death.

A mild traumatic brain injury is sometimes called a concussion. Concussions can result from a car crash, a sports injury, or from a seemingly innocuous fall, to mention only a few, and recovery times can vary greatly.

Even though they are designated as mild traumatic brain injuries, they can be very serious and should be dealt with appropriately.

Semmes Murphey physicians are particularly skilled and experienced in diagnosing and treating concussions.

In fact, we have a multi-disciplinary Concussion Management Team, which includes specialists in the areas of clinical neurology, neuropsychology, neuroradiology, neurosurgery, physiatry, and physical therapy. To ensure optimum treatment for concussed patients, the team works closely to assess the possible concussion, amount of damage, if any, and determine an appropriate plan for treatment.

We also work closely with parents, coaches, athletic trainers, employers, and/or school officials to develop an appropriate return-to-work, return-to-school, or return-to-play plan.